.
HIV
- Only 56 cases of symptomatic HIV have been confirmed to have been transfered by healthcare contact in US.
- Transmission very unlikely.
- Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is anti-retroviral drugs (2 drugs or 3 drugs depending on type of contact)
- 2 drugs if: source likely has HIV (risk factors) OR source has asymptomatic HIV
- 3 drugs if: source has symptomatic HIV OR source HIV positive asymptomatic but exposure is severe
- No PEP: if source unlikely to have HIV
- If HIV status of source is unknown: do rapid HIV antibody test (later confirm with Western Blot)
- Source: The Little ICU book
Hep B
- Most readily transmitted bloodborne infection.
- Vaccine = lifelong immunity
- PEP = Vaccine (only contraindication is anaphylaxis allergy to baker's yeast)
- 3 doses (First two doses 4w apart, then 5mo later
Hep C
- Risk of transmission after a needle-stick injury is 1.8% (mucous transmission is very rare, and no documented skin-break tranmission)
- No PEP for HepC
- Measure Anti-HCV antibodies serially for 6mo
Comments